buy custom Should Marijuana be Legalized essay

buy custom Should Marijuana be Legalized essay Marijuana refers to a green, brown, or gray mixture of dried, shredded leaves, stems, seeds and flowers of the hemp plant (Leonard 34). Its most common street names include the pot, herb, weed, grass, boom, Mary Jane, gangster, or chronic. All forms of marijuana contain delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is the main active chemical in marijuana. Marijuana also contains more than 400 other chemicals (Leonard 38). The Effects of marijuana on any user depends on its strength or potency which on the other hand, depends on the amount of THC it contains. The THC content of Marijuana has been increasing since 1970s. This has been attributed to improvements in the available varieties (Leonard 40). Marijuana is usually smoked as cigarettes (joints) or in a pipe or a bong. With the growth of its use, it has often been combined with other drugs such as cocaine. How long the marijuana stays in the human body system, depends on the degree of usage also amount of the fatty tissue which tend to absorb THC rapidly. This varies from few days to several weeks. The main reasons for the marijuana use include the influence from brothers, sisters, friends, or even older family members using it. Others do it due to peer pressure, while others think its cool because they see it being used on TV and in movies. By 1979, more than 50 million people had tried it at least once. In addition, there have been increased consumption among adolescents and the young adults, although there has been a leveling-off in its final use among the high school seniors (National Reseach Council). Marijuana remains a controlled substance in almost all the countries globally. It has also not been approved by the FDA to treat any diseases or conditions. This can be attributed to a high potential for its abuse. Also, due to no current accepted medical use in the general United States marijuana remains a schedule I drug under the provisions of the controlled substances act of 1970 (McCollum 102). The usage of marijuana has been linked to the cancers of the tongue and larynx in the young people with the history of heavy marijuana use. This have however been based on very small numbers and therefore no cause and effect relationship. Marijuana also produces acute effects on the brain, including chemical and electrophysiological changes. It impairs motor coordination and affects tracking ability and sensory and perceptual functions. All these functions are necessary during driving and thus, its important for the drivers and operators of other machines to avoid it at all times.it also impairs short term memory and slows learning. Other serious effects include the feelings of euphoria and other mood changes, such as brief periods of anxiety, confusion, or psychosis (National Reseach Council 55). Contrary to the popular beliefs, there is no any conclusive evidence as to whether prolonged use of maijuana causes permanent changes in the nervous system or sustained impairment of the br ain functions and behaviors in human beings (National Reseach Council 60). Usage of the marijuana leads to the acute changes in the cardiovascular system. Evidence has shown that marijuana use increases the work of the heart, usually by raising heart rate and in some people raising the blood pressure. This poses considerable danger to patients with hypertension, cerebrovascular diseases, and coronary atherosclerosis. Other risks involved with the use of marijuana include the increased risk for cancer of the respiratory tract (though no direct connection have been made), effects on the hormonal functions in females and males (Jacoby and Youngson 122). Cannabis has been used as medicine for a thousand of years (Iversen 37). Compendium of medicines Pen tsao first published around 2800 B.C. recommended cannabis for the treatment of constipation, gout, malaria, and rheumatism and menstrual problems. Chinese herbal medicine texts continued to advocate cannabis preparations for many centuries. Among other things, its pain relieving properties were exploited to relieve the pain of surgical operations (Iversen). The Indians also had a long history of using cannabis for medicinal purposes. For instance, the ancient medical text the Athera Veda, which dates from 2000-1400 B.C., mentions bhang (marijuana). Further reference is made to this writing of Panini (ca 300 B.C.). Cannabis was believed to possess sedative, cooling and febrifuge properties. In the ancient Ayurvedic system of medicine cannabis played an important role in Hindu material medica, and continues to be used by Ayurvedic practitioners today. In various medieval Ayurvedic texts, cannabis leaves and resin are recommended as decongestant, astringent, soothing, and capable of stimulating appetite and promoting digestion. Cannabis was also used to induce sleep and as an anesthetic for surgical operations.it was also considered to have aphrodisiac properties and was recommended for this purpose. (Iversen 122) In Arab medicine and in the Muslim India, frequent mention is also made of hashish (cannabis resin) and benj (marijuana). They were used to treat gonorrhea diarrhea, asthma and as an appetite stimulant and analgesic (Iversen 123). In Indian folk medicine, bhang (marijuana) and ganja (cannabis resin) were recommended as stimulants to improve staying power under the conditions of severe exertion or fatigue. Poultices applied it to the wounds and sores were believed to promote healing, when applied to the areas of inflammation (e.g., Piles) to act as an anodyne and sedative (Jacoby and Youngson 200). Extracts of ganja were used to promote sleep and to treat painful neuralgias, migraines and menstrual pain. Numerous concoctions containing cannabis extracts togeether with various other herbal medicines continue to be used in rural Indian folk medicine today, with a variety of different medical indications including dyspepsia, diarrhea, sprue, dysentery, fever, renal colic, dysmenorrhea, cough, and asthma. There have been claims of cannabis consumption with aphrodisiacs. The consumption of cannabis based medicines has been in a reduction for quite some time in the recent years among the Indian populations. This can be attributed to the general availability of western medicines also due to degradation of the THC on storage. In medieval Europe cannabis or hemp was used as a healing plant in herbals such as those by William Turner, Mattioli, and Dioscobas Taberemontanus. In one of the most famous herbals, written by Nicholas Culpepper (1616-1654) recommended that: an emulsion of decoction of the seed, eases the colic and always the troublesome humour in the bowels and stays bleeding at the mouth, nose and other places. (Iversen 123). In the middle of 19th century an Irish doctor, William OShaughnessy, serving with the Bengal Medical Service of the East India Company, studied the effects of marijuana in animals to establish what doses could be tolerated. His experiments confirmed that cannabis usage was remarkably safe. He noted that despite many escalation of the doses cannabis didnt kill any mice, rat or the rabbit on which he was experimenting on. After that, he experimented on patients suffering from seizures, rheumatism, tetanus, and rabies and found that cannabis could relieve pain and act as a muscle relaxant and an anticonvulsant.at the end of the study OShaugnesssey was brave enough to recommend cannabis, particularly as an, anticonvulsive remedy of the greatest value. In addition, voters in the states in the United States share the view in favor of proposals to make cannabis, including smoked marijuana, available for therapeutic use. Despite its hard line on the unscientific nature of smoked marijuana as a medicine, the American Medical Association report (1997) nevertheless recommended adequate and well controlled studies of smoked marijuana be conducted in patients who had serious conditions. For which preclinical anecdotal, or controlled evidence suggests possible advantage including AIDS wasting syndrome, severe acute or delayed emesis induced by chemo therapy, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, dystonia and neuropathic pain. These numerous medicinal usage of cannabis outweighs the few disadvantages involved by the recreational use of it. It's therefore important for the appropriate rules and policies regulating the usage of it be enacted and passed into laws. This will allow more studies to be conducted on cannabis which may eventually lead to the discovery of more of cannabis. Buy custom Should Marijuana be Legalized essay

5 Pairs of Prepositional Idioms

5 Pairs of Prepositional Idioms 5 Pairs of Prepositional Idioms 5 Pairs of Prepositional Idioms By Mark Nichol A prepositional phrase is called that, and not a noun-and-preposition phrase or the like, for a good reason: The preposition determines the meaning. Here are five examples of pairs of prepositional phrases that are distinct in meaning because of the preposition used. 1. At Ease/with Ease In addition to being a military command to prompt a parade formation to adopt a degree of relaxation, â€Å"at ease† refers to a state of relaxation: â€Å"He stood at ease while waiting his turn.† â€Å"With ease† also modifies an action, but it is used to refer to a sense of effortlessness in such statements as â€Å"She completed the gymnastics routine with ease.† 2. At the End/in the End â€Å"At the end† is not used on its own as an idiom, but it appears in such expressions as â€Å"at the end of the day† (to mean â€Å"ultimately† or â€Å"as it turned out†) and â€Å"at the end of (one’s) rope† or â€Å"tether† to mean â€Å"pushed to (one’s) limits.† â€Å"In the end,† by itself, has the same senses as â€Å"at the end of the day.† 3. In Favor of/in Favor With To be in favor of is to approve of something. To be in favor with a person or a group is to have their approval or support. 4. By Name/in Name â€Å"By name† is used in such constructions as â€Å"I don’t know him by name† meaning that the person in question is known by the speaker or writer on some other basis, as by sight. (The speaker or writer recognizes the person by his appearance, for example, but doesn’t know his name.) Byname is a synonym for nickname. â€Å"In name† appears in the phrase â€Å"in name only,† meaning â€Å"not actually† (â€Å"Smith is the leader in name only; Jones actually runs everything†). â€Å"In (someone’s) name† means â€Å"as (someone’s) property† (â€Å"The house is in my name†) or â€Å"on (someone’s) behalf† (â€Å"Stop! In the name of the law!†) 5. On Time/in Time â€Å"On time† means â€Å"punctual.† â€Å"In time† means â€Å"within a determined time.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Greek Words You Should Know7 Patterns of Sentence Structure5 Examples of Misplaced Modifiers

A Small Scale Study on the Perspectives of Saudi Undergraduate Assignment

A Small Scale Study on the Perspectives of Saudi Undergraduate Students on the Use of Smartphones as a Motivational Learning Tool in Preparatory Year Language - Assignment Example he primary language of international trade, science and technology and since Saudi Arabia is the world’s largest oil producing country, English is perceived as an integral part of the human resource development agenda of the Saudi government (Alseweed, 2009). Given the Saudi government’s commitment to improving English language skills in Saudi Arabia as evidenced by 6 years of compulsory English at school and the unsatisfactory results, several studies have been conducted on identifying the reasons for the unsatisfactory acquisition of English language among Saudi students and how to best motivate Saudi students for improved results (Alsewee, 2009; Liton, 2012; Khan, 2011). Informed by adult learning theories, this research proposes to investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of smartphone use in preparatory year language learners in Saudi Arabia. Adult learning theories inform that adult learners are more complex than children learners and that as adults, experienc es together with fixed opinions and perceptions instruct that adults are more amenable to learning that takes account of their specific needs and interests (Hough, 1984). Barrs (2011) considered the learning needs and interests of young adult students and the advances in mobile technology and argued that smartphones in particular have a particular value as a language learning tool for young university students. For the most part, these students own and use smartphones regularly. Moreover, young university students also rely on a number of smartphone applications for sharing and processing information and have access to this information via smartphones on a continuous level. Therefore smartphones can be used to channel the interest, experience and technological needs of young adult students as a... This study will therefore contribute to adult learning theories and the exploration of the possibility of smartphone technologies as a means of enhancing Saudi Arabia preparatory year student’s acquisition of a second language. A qualitative case study will be conducted among male students in the preparatory year at a college in Saudi Arabia. A phenomenological approach will be taken in that students will be interviewed as a means of discovering their experiences with leaning English and their attitudes toward smartphones as a learning tool and how this correlates with their interest and learning needs. The aim of this proposed research is to determine the extent to which the use of smartphones is a viable learning tool for improving the language proficiency of preparatory year language students in Saudi Arabia. Since this research focuses on a specific programme in Saudi Arabia, it is a social phenomenon that is more appropriately investigated using a qualitative case study. Since this research is investigating an educational programme with a view to determining whether or not the use of smartphones can improve language proficiency and thus motivational learning, an illustrative case study will be conducive to achieving this research objective. The illustrative case study will allow for the collection of rich and detailed person-centred data, describing individual perspectives and feelings and thus informing whether or not smartphones are appropriate learning tools for young adult language learners in Saudi Arabia’s preparatory language programme.

Analysis and interpretations of Glaxo Smithkline Beechem' financial Essay

Analysis and interpretations of Glaxo Smithkline Beechem' financial statements - Essay Example ed his laxative pills business in England in 1842 Following its successful business, Beecham started the world’s first factory for manufacture of medicines at St Helens in England in 1859. In 1885, Thomas Beecham’s company became the first to get electricity in the area St Helens two years after the company set up its headquarters at Silver Street and Water Street in 1885. Beecham’s production of laxative pills reached 1 million per day by 1913. In 1945, it became Beecham Group Ltd with the merger of Beecham Pills Ltd and Beecham’s Estates Ltd. In 1972, Beecham’s scientists introduced its research product Amoxicillin, a widely used antibiotic till today in 1972 (GlaxoSmithkline). 4 Smithkline Allen and Handburys Ltd’s predecessor Plough Court Pharmacy was started by Silvanus Beevan in London in 1715. John K Smith started his first drugs store in Philadelphia in 1830 and his brother George joined him in 1841 to form John K Smith & Co which was later joined by Mahlon Kline as a bookkeeper in 1865 to become Smith and Shoemaker. He took additional responsibilities as a salesman and added many large businesses as its customers which resulted in the formation of Smith Kline and Company in 1875 in recognition of Kiline’s contribution to the business. The new company acquired French firm Richards and Company in 1891 garnering in a wide range of consumer brands. In 1929, it was renamed as Smith Kline and French Laboratories to mainly focus on research. In 1950s, the company introduced anti-psychotic drug chlorpromazine which revolutionized treatment of mental illness and became the first generation central nervous system drug. In 1952, the company brought out the time-released drug of dextoamphetamine sulfate (Dexedrine) and used it in Spansule which was novel... This research talks about Glaxo Welcome and Smithkline Beechem, the four companies whose histories date back to eighteenth century formally merged in 2000 to become GlaxcoSmithKline Plc (GSK). Thus, GSK was incorporated in December 1999 under English Law and shares were listed on the London Stock Exchange and the New York stock exchange. Eventually in December 2000, GSK acquired Glaxo Welcome Plc and Smithkline Beecham Plc.The synergy coming from their joining together since the year 2000 has been responsible for their growth ever since till today. The company has maintained the turnover at  £ 28.4 bn as in last year although earnings per share have sharply declined to 32.1 p from 109.1 p in last year. R & D expenditure was at 14 % of the company’s total sales. There has been 20 % growth in the sale of Horlicks in India, Sensodyne tooth paste has been the fastest growing toothpaste brand during the last five years, 1.4 bn doses of vaccines have been supplied to 179 countries and 24 % of the sales turnover comes from emerging markets excluding USA, Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. Its business model has been â€Å"a balanced synergistic business with multiple growth drivers supporting a core pharmaceutical operation†. Vaccines for Malaria at the stage of phase III trials are ongoing in 7 African countries. It has been planned to supply 300 m doses of Synflorix, the vaccination for pneumococcal illness at a reduced price during the next decade to the developing countries in continuation of the supply of the vaccine to Kenya in the past.

3th Amendment to the Constitution of Bangladesh Essay Example for Free

3th Amendment to the Constitution of Bangladesh Essay Sandy Hook Shooting: Is It Time to Change the Second Amendment? Sandy Hook Shooting Is It Time to Change the Second Amendment About 80 million Americans, representing half of U.S. homes, own more than 223 million guns. The debate about the Second Amendment has been fierce, but after the horrible atrocity that just happened in Newtown, Connecticut, the time has come to rethink the amendment and change it. The change of the amendment in terms of availability of weapons, and who has the right to possess them, would create a safer society and lower the gun homicide rate in the U. S. — a figure that currently makes the U.S. the highest in the world. The change would include a certain necessary procedure in order to get a license for possessing a gun. Moreover, this procedure should include medical checks, full criminal history, and a police interview to prove they actually need a gun. Atrocities like what happened today could theoretically be prevented if it were more difficult to come into possession of weapons in the U.S. At this moment, there is a widely accepted misconception about the history of the amendment and its purpose within American society. When the founding fathers implemented Second Amendment the main idea behind it was to provide citizens with a way to oppose possible tyrannical government. However, today it is widely believed that the Second Amendment is there to provide you with a way to protect yourself from other individuals. The debate is also present over whether the Second Amendment provides for collective or individual rights. However, in 2008, in the District of Columbia v. Heller case before the Supreme Court, the Court ruled that the Second Amendment protects an individuals right to possess a firearm, unconnected to service in a militia and to use that arm for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home. In a 2011 Gallup poll, only 26% of American citizens said they would support the handgun ban. When Gallup first asked Americans this question in 1959, 60% favored banning handguns. But since 1975, the majority of Americans have opposed such a measure, with opposition around 70% in recent years. Americans have shifted to a more pro-gun view on gun laws, with record-low support for bans on handguns, assault rifle bans, and stricter gun laws in general. This remains true even as high-profile incidents of gun violence continue across the United States. The reasons for this ideological shift do not appear to be reactions to the crime situation, and are probably rather related to a widespread acceptance of guns by the  American public. It is widely believed that having the right to bear arms contributes to higher security. By enabling a great number of people to carry weapons, the society as a whole will not benefit from greater security. Moreover, it will become more unstable. The control of the weapons must be toughened and the right to possess and bear them restricted. The cases of shootings on American campuses and in schools are numerous and an argument that stricter gun control laws should be enforced stands strong. With medical and background checks, people who want to possess a gun won’t be stopped. However, the chance that someone with a mental disorder will have access to arsenal gets lower. The U.S. has the highest rate of gun ownership and of gun homicide in the developed world, it can definitely be argued that the amount of guns present the homicide rate will also be reduced. In 2012, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton agreed with the U.N. to set a timetable for the regulation of the arms trade between the states. The United States joined 152 other countries in support of the Arms Trade Treaty Resolution, which establishes the dates for the 2012 UN conference intended to further regulate gun trade around the world. Many in the U.S. have seen this treaty as an introduction to domestic firearm control, even though this is wrong. In order to change the Second Amendment, a two-thirds majority in the Senate is required and at this point chances of changing that happening are slim. Throughout the world there are different regulations about gun ownership. Great Britain banned private ownership of guns in 1997; Australia also followed the same path. A 1999 Harvard School of Public Health study revealed that, Americans feel less safe as more people in their community begin to carry guns, and that 90% believe that regular citizens should be prohibited from bringing guns into most public places, including stadiums, restaurants, hospitals, college campuses, and places of worship. We should not have the illusion that the world can overnight become a safe place where guns are not needed. These are dark times for those who demand sane regulation of gun ownership. The courts come and go. Public opinion and political power, like the common law, changes and evolves. Guns must not be accessible to all and they must be restricted. By restricting the gun availability, the possibility for situations like the Newtown massacre would be dramatically lowered. Even if we assume that one day a tyrannical government may come to power, under the current circumstances, with the U.S.  government in possession of tanks, airplanes and drones, one can argue that the light weapons held by the citizens would not be enough. The argument of the founding fathers therefore becomes obsolete and the amendment must be changed to ensure the greater safety of American citizens. The Second Amendment Eleven years later, after the war for independence had been won, our Founders assembled once again to draw up a plan for governing the new nation. That plan would be ratified two years later as the Constitution of the United States of America. To understand the true meaning of the Second Amendment, it is important to understand the men who wrote and ratified it, and the issues they faced in creating the Constitution. During the debate over the ratification of the Constitution, there was significant concern that a  strong federal government would trample on the individual rights of citizensas had happened under British rule. To protect the basic rights of Americansrights which each person possesses and that are guaranteed, but not granted, by any governmentthe framers added the first ten amendments to the Constitution as a package. Those amendments have come to be known as the Bill of Rights. They represent the fundamental freedoms that are at the heart of our society, including fre edom of speech, freedom of religion and the right of the people to keep and bear arms. The History of Our Rights The British people did not have a written constitution as we have in the United States. However, they did have a tradition of protecting individual rights from government. Those rights were set forth in a number of documents, including the Magna Carta and the English Declaration of Rights. The Founders who wrote the Bill of Rights drew many of their ideas from the traditions of English common law, which is the body of legal tradition and court decisions that acted as an unwritten constitution and as a balance to the power of English kings. The Founders believed in the basic rights of men as described in written legal documents and in unwritten legal traditions. One of these was the right of the common people to bear arms, which was specifically recognized in the English Declaration of Rights of 1689. However, the Founders also recognized that without a blueprint for what powers government could exercise, the rights of the people would always be subject to being violated. The Constitution, and particularly the Bill of Rights, was created to specifically describe the powers of government and the rights of individuals government was not allowed to infringe. 1. Does the Second Amendment Describe An Individual Right? Some people claim that there is no individual right to own firearms. However, anyone familiar with the principles upon which this country was founded will recognize this claim`s most glaring flaw: in America, rightsby definitionbelong to individuals. The Founding Fathers created the Bill of Rights to protect the rights of individuals. The freedoms of religion, speech, association, and the rest all refer to individual liberties. The Second Amendment right to keep and bear  arms is no different. When the first Congress penned the Second Amendment in 1789, it took the wording, with some style changes, from a list of rights introduced by James Madison of Virginia. Congressman Madison had promised the Virginia ratifying convention that he would sponsor a Bill of Rights if the Constitution were ratified. The amendments he wrote would not change anything in the original Constitution. Madison repeatedly insisted that nothing in the original Constitution empowered the federal government to infringe on the rights of the people, specifically including the right of individuals to have guns. In constructing the Bill of Rights, Madison followed the recommendations of the state ratifying conventions. Though they ratified the Constitution, several of those conventions had recommended adding provisions about specific rights. Five conventions recommended adding a right to arms; by comparison, only three conventions mentioned free speech. Members of Congress had no doubt as to the amendment`s meaning. They and their contemporaries were firearm owners, hunters and in some cases gun collectors (George Washington and Thomas Jefferson exchanged letters about their collections). They had just finished winning their freedoms with gun in hand, and would, in their next session, pass legislation requiring most male citizens to buy and own at least one firearm and 30 rounds of ammunition. The only reason there is a controversy about the Second Amendment is that on this subject many highly vocal and influential 21st Century Americans reject what seemed elementary common senseand basic principleto our Founding Fathers. The words of the founders make clear they believed the individual right to own firearms was very important: Thomas Jefferson said, No free man shall be debarred the use of arms. Patrick Henry said, The great object is, that every man be armed. Richard Henry Lee wrote that, to preserve liberty it is essential that the whole body of people always possess arms. Thomas Paine noted, [A]rms . . . discourage and keep the invader and the  plunderer in awe, and preserve order in the world as well as property. Samuel Adams warned that: The said Constitution be never construed to authorize Congress to infringe the just liberty of the press, or the rights of conscience; or to prevent the people of the United States, who are peaceable citizens, from keeping their own arms. The Constitution and Bill of Rights repeatedly refer to the rights of the people and to the powers of government. The Supreme Court has recognized that the phrase the people, which is used in numerous parts of the Constitution, including the Preamble, the Second, Fourth, Ninth and Tenth Amendments, refers to people as individuals. In each case, rights belonging to the people are without question the rights of individuals. Dozens of essays have been written by the nation`s foremost authorities on the Constitution, supporting the traditional understanding of the right to arms as an individual right, protected by the Second Amendment. 2. Isn`t the well regulated militia the National Guard? Gun control supporters insist that the right of the people really means the right of the state to maintain the militia, and that this militia is the National Guard. This is not only inconsistent with the statements of America`s Founders and the concept of individual rights, it also wrongly defines the term militia. Centuries before the Second Amendment was drafted, European political writers used the term well regulated militia to refer to all the people, armed with their own firearms or swords, bows or spears, led by officers they chose. America`s Founders defined the militia the same way. Richard Henry Lee wrote, A militia when properly formed are in fact the people themselves . . . and include all men capable of bearing arms. . . . Making the same point, Tench Coxe wrote that the militia are in fact the effective part of the people at large. George Mason asked, [W]ho are the militia? They consist now of the  whole people, except a few public officers. The Militia Act of 1792, adopted the year after the Second Amendment was ratified, declared that the Militia of the United States (members of the militia who had to serve if called upon by the government) included all able-bodied adult males. The National Guard was not established until 1903. In 1920 it was designated one part of the Militia of the United States. The other part included other able-bodied adult men, plus some other men and women. However, in 1990, the Supreme Court held that the federal government possesses complete power over the National Guard. The Guard is the third part of the United States Army, along with the regular Army and Army Reserve. The Framers` independent well regulated militia remains as they intended, America`s armed citizenry. 3. Have the Courts or Congress ever studied the meaning of the Second Amendment? On June 26, 2008, the Supreme Court issued its decision in the case of District of Columbia v. Heller. In a 5-4 decision, the Court upheld the ruling of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit that the Second Amendment protects a right to possess firearms for individuals, and not just a right to have them as part of a militia or the National Guard. The Court also held that the Second Amendment is not meant to protect a â€Å"state’s right† to maintain a militia or National Guard. The decision struck down the District’s bans on handguns and on having any gun in usable condition as violations of the Second Amendment, and prohibited the District from denying a person a permit to carry a firearm within his home on without cause. Highlights of the majority opinion, written by Justice Antonin Scalia and joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and Justices Samuel Alito, Anthony Kennedy, and Clarence Thomas, can be found here: /Issues/FactSheets/Read.aspx?id=235issue=010. The Court ruled that â€Å"[T]he operative clause [of the Second Amendment] codifies a ‘right of the people.† And went on to explain: â€Å"In all six other provisions of the Constitution that mention ‘the people,’ the term unambiguously refers to all members of the political community, not an unspecified subset. . . .’† Put plainly, the Heller decision says that the Second Amendment protects an individual right to possess firearms for legal purposes, including for sporting use and for self-defense. In coming to this conclusion, the courts examined the meaning of the words in the Second Amendment, including the meaning of â€Å"arms† the phrase â€Å"to bear arms† and to â€Å"keep â€Å" arms. The court also carefully considered the meaning of â€Å"militia† and the relationship between the militia and the â€Å"right to keep and bear arms.† In the majority opinion, the court clearly rejected the idea of a â€Å"collective or group right, that is, a right held by the states. The court found that the Second Amendment protects an individual right to possess firearms. The full impact of the Heller decision is still not known. States and cities with restrictive gun laws are now facing challenges to their specific laws and future court cases will continue to define the how the Second Amendment protects individual rights and what types of gun laws will be allowed. Before the Heller decision, the most thorough examination of the Second Amendment and related issues ever undertaken by a court is the 2001 decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in U.S. v. Emerson. In Emerson, the Appeals court devoted dozens of pages of its decision to studying the Second Amendment’s history and text. It began by examining the Supreme Court’s decision in U.S. v. Miller (1939), which individual rights opponents claim supports the notion of the Second Amendment protecting only a â€Å"collective right† of a state to maintain a militia. The Fifth Circuit disagreed. â€Å"We conclude that Miller does not support the collective rights or sophisticated collective rights approach to the Second Amendment.† The court then turned to the history and text of the Second Amendment. â€Å"There is no evidence in the text of the Second Amendment, or any other part of the Constitution, that the words ‘the people’ have a different connotation within the Second Amendment than when employed elsewhere in the Constitution. In fact, the text of the Constitution, as a whole, strongly suggests that the words ‘the people’ have precisely the same meaning within the Second Amendment as without. And as used throughout the Constitution, ‘the people’ have ‘rights’ and ‘powers,’ but federal and state governments only have ‘powers’ or ‘authority’, never ‘rights.’† The court concluded, â€Å"We have found no historical evidence that the Second Amendment was intended to convey militia power to the states, limit the federal government’s power to maintain a standing army, or applies only to members of a select militia while on active duty. All of the evidence indicates that the Second Amendment, like other parts of the Bill of Rights, applies to and protects individual Americans. We find that the history of the Second Amendment reinforces the plain meaning of its text, namely that it protects individual Americans in their right to keep and bear arms whether or not they are a member of a select militia or performing active military service or training.† Four times in American history, Congress has enacted legislation declaring its clear understanding of the Second Amendment`s meaning. Congress has never given any support for the newly minted argument that the amendment fails to protect any right of the people, and instead ensures a â€Å"collective right† of states to maintain militias. In 1866, 1941, 1986, and 2005, Congress passed laws to reaffirm this guarantee of personal freedom and to adopt specific safeguards to enforce it. The Freedmen’s Bureau Act of 1866 was enacted to protect the rights of freed slaves to keep and bear arms following the Civil War and at the outset of the chaotic Reconstruction period. The act declared protection for the â€Å"full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings concerning personal liberty, personal security, and . . . estate . . . including the constitutional right to bear arms. . . .† The Property Requisition Act of 1941 was intended to reassure Americans that preparations for war would not include repressive or tyrannical policies against firearms owners. It was passed shortly before the sneak attack on Pearl Harbor, which led the United States into World War II. The act declared that it would not â€Å"authorize the requisitioning or require the registration of any firearms possessed by any individual for his personal protection or sport,† or â€Å"to impair or infringe in any manner the right of any individual to keep and bear arms. . . .† The two more recent laws sought to reverse excesses involving America’s legal system. In the Firearms Owners’ Protection Act of 1986, Congress reacted to overzealous enforcement policies under the federal firearms law: The Congress finds that the rights of citizens to keep and bear arms under the second amendment to the United States Constitution; to security against illegal and unreasonable searches and seizures under the fourth amendment; against uncompensated taking of property, double jeopardy, and assurance of due process of law under the fifth amendment; and against unconstitutional exercise of authority under the ninth and tenth amendments; require additional legislation to correct existing firearms statutes and enforcement policies. . . . And in 2005, as a result of lawsuits aiming to destroy America’s firearms industry, Congress passed the Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act to end this threat to the Second Amendment. The act begins with findings that go to the heart of the matter: Congress finds the following: (1) The Second Amendment to the United States Constitution provides that the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. (2) The Second Amendment to the United States Constitution protects the rights of individuals, including those who are not members of a militia or engaged in military service or training, to keep and bear arms. 4. What are gun control laws? Gun control is the popular name for laws that regulate, limit or prohibit the purchase and possession of firearms. Gun control laws are usually  proposed on the grounds they will stop the criminal misuse of firearms, but they are almost never actually targeted at criminals. Supporters of gun control most commonly call for laws that restrict law-abiding people, the only ones who will obey them. Laws prohibiting the possession of a firearm are unlikely to stop a person willing to commit robbery, assault or murder. On the other hand, honest citizens who respect the law will submit to the gun control laws, even if the laws do not make them safer.

War on Drugs Speech -- essays research papers fc

WAR ON DRUGS SPEECH   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The following speech is to be presented to the youth of America currently enrolled as High School Students. The topic of the War on Drugs directly coincides with the War on Terrorism. In order to stop terrorism, the funding through drugs must be stopped. The presenter will be using first person speech to make for a more personable presentation. On September 11th the United States became the victim of terrorism on our own shores. Many of you here are very aware of the Al Queda by now, and the name of Osama bin Laden has become a household term. I come to you today with a request for your support to help me fight the War on Terrorism along with me. We must first start by hitting the terrorist where it counts, which is their bank account that is funded by drug money. We must come together and stop the use of drugs in order to stop these acts of terrorism from occurring around the world. According to the Office of National Drug Control Policy, â€Å"Drug use hurts our families and our communities. It also finances our enemies,† (Walters). I come to you today as an ally against the War on Drugs. With your help, together, we can stop the drug funding of terrorist organizations right here in your own neighborhood. Accomplishing this mission will require the help from every individual in this room. No one here is insignificant when it comes to the mission of fighting the War on Drugs and ending terrorism. Even if you have never...

Future of Nursing Essay

The career of nursing (Registered Nurse, Licensed Vocational Nurse, and advanced practice nurse) has more than three million working affiliates. Nurses are the predominant portion of the healthcare personnel. There are multiple barriers that stand in the way of nurses’ being able to react quickly to the ever-evolving health care field and changing health care organizations. In 2008, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) and the IOM (Institute of Medicine) started a group process that took two years to look at these needs, looking to evaluate and modify the nursing occupation. The findings show that 1 ) nurses- need to perform to the all-inclusive expanse of their schooling and achievements. 2) nurses- need to commit to reach the most prestigious levels of education and training through a refined educational network that advocates consistent advancement through academia. 3 ) nurses- need to endeavor to be fully engaged with physicians and other health care experts, in moder nizing/rejuvenating the health care organization in the United States. 4) Efficient labor pool planning and strategy making needs better collection of data and framework of information. Nursing students should have on their school curriculum that teaches them the capabilities that are compulsory for uninterrupted furtherance of the characteristics and safety of the systems that make up a health care organization, patient-oriented care, partnership and coordination with other agencies (Berwick, Cronenwett, Tanner 2011). The student nurses’ need expert skill to grasp and knowledge and understanding of human anatomy and physiology, psychology, and a working comprehension in clinical, social, and behavioral sciences (Berwick 2011). They need working  skills and methods in order to be competent in leadership and management roles. (Berwick 2011). Student nurses will need capabilities in the new patient care conveyance framework that is on the horizon. Need a working knowledge in community health/illness and community based patient care. (Tanner 2011). They will need to know how to distribute patient care with other patient care modalities for appropriate patient care (Tilden 2011). The future nurse will need to have skills based on unchanging science prerequisite courses (Dracup, Tanner 2011). Health care policy knowledge, skills, and beliefs will need to be taught (Tilden 2011). Abilities related to unfolding health care needs will need to be fostered. For example: the elderly population (Tanne r 2011). They will need to accept technology-immersed education, multifaceted approach to patient care. Universities and colleges will need to come up with a plan that will make sure that the number and the equal allocation of new Registered Nurses who have graduated from their institutions with a baccalaureate degree or higher in nursing should be greatly increased (Aiken, Cronenwett 2011). Society should embrace community colleges/ universities that have affiliations, they may increase AND graduates that would complete a BSN degree if given encouragement, and could get it completed within a certain timeframe. (Dracup, Tanner 2011). The post-graduate residency programs will need to develop and test clinical education models that would include post-graduate intern and residency programs in appropriate facilities. (Tanner 2011). What the faculty members of the future need to be on the look-out 1) look for a person that has the bedrock for a nomination and appointment to faculty and promotion, including recognition of practice-based accomplishments, including working toward bettering healthcare (Berwick, Dracup, Cronenwett 2011). This person, who can, during their working life, move easily between practice (patient care), and academia (Gilliss 2011). The person, who within a short time span, has obtained a BSN, then a Doctoral degree (Aiken, Dracup 2011). The person must maintain professional certification and/or clinical proficiency (Gilliss 2011). This person builds working relationships with teachers and staff in other occupations. (medicine, engineering, business, public health, and  law). (Gilliss 2011). The person must take time to advance his/her education using two or more professions and foster cooperative practice furnishing patient-centered care (Dracup, Tilden 2011). Society needs to make sure that the universities produce a commensurate number of nurse practitioners (NP’s) for primary care roles at a time when access to health care will most likely increase the general public’s need for primary care providers (Cronenwett, Gilliss 2011). Universities will need to change their course of study in nursing education that has come about secondary to the advances made in nursing science and practice. These changes are guided by breakthroughs made in science (Tanner 2011). Universities will need to continue to state specialist preparation is needed for Master’s program level, and advance Post-Masters DNP education. At this time, requirements for Nurse Scientists interested in translational research needs to be clarified- will a DNP and a PhD both be needed in order to be able to follow through and become a researcher? The older population age averages, those who have chronic illnesses, added to the fast-moving science and technology fields, plus the blurred lines between medicine and nursing, creates a level of unpredictability to the health care scene. It is reasonable to expect a more educated health care team to care for these patients. Research has shown that hospitals that have a larger proportion of BSN bedside nurses, have a lower patient mortality/death (JAMA 1999). There is some research evidence that has shown BSN nurses are more cost-effective. Evidence is encour aging in showing that a more highly balanced BSN labor pool might allow for a smaller staff without negatively affecting patient end results. In the ambulatory out-patient care clinic setting, there is strong research-based evidence that shows that nurses with advanced degrees, usually a masters, can provide patient care with patient conclusions that are comparable to that of a Medical Doctors in some areas, like that of pain control and patient satisfaction. The cost for care is lower, also. Griffiths 2010)(Horrocks 2002). The evidence shows that the increased number of advanced degree  nurses practicing has improved admittance to general patient care. (Aiken 2009). Advanced nurses staff ambulatory care clinics and see approximately three million patients a year. Nurse Practitioners also staff Community Health Centers. The Role of Nursing Organizations to Nurse Leaders: The American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE), states that the BSN is the minimal degree for nurses in leadership roles. Nurse leaders in a supervisory leadership role should seek education at a doctoral level. The IOM recommends lifelong learning for nurses. Nurse leaders need to help and assist as needed bed-side, clinic, and home-health care nurses in exploring and promoting new, more unprecedented, patient and family-centered care models. Nurses at all levels of the health care continuum, should be planning for leadership roles. The more experienced nurses must mentor the nurse with less proficiency, show them the way. Nurse leaders should also sit on boards of health care organizations and sit on policy-making committees. As for me, I am not sure what the future holds for me. I think maybe I would stay a bedside nurse in an acute care hospital. That is what I have done for over twenty years and that is what I love doing. I see nursing becoming more involved in the evidence-based prevention policies. Finding new ways to assist patients in reducing disease and/or promoting health, once they go home. The bedside nurse would do more of the inter-agency care coordination, for example discharge planning. Nurses must be able to function and collaborate with multiple agencies in order to get the supplies and care a patient might need once they go home. References AmericaInstitute of Medicine. (2011). The future of nursing: Leading change, advancing health. Washington, DC: Cronenwett, Linda R. (09/01/2012). â€Å"Molding the future of advanced practice nursing 1.†. Nursing outlook (0029-6554), 60 (_5), 241. WNA working to advance the recommendations in the RWJF/IOM report: â€Å"the future of nursing: leading change, advancing health?†. Stat: Bulletin Of The Wisconsin Nurses Association [serial online]. June 2011;80(6)Available from: CINAHL Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed October 11, 2014. Retrieved from ISNA Bulletin Aug/Sep/Oct 2011 pg10 Independent Study Visioning the Future of Nursing: Analysis of the IOM/RWJ Foundation Report Nurse Leader Vol9 Issue6 Dec2011 pg30-32

Golden Ratio and Fibonacci Series

Introduction: The Fibonacci Series The Fibonacci Series is a sequence of numbers first created by Leonardo Fibonacci (fibo-na-chee) in 1202. It is a deceptively simple series, but its ramifications and applications are nearly limitless. It has fascinated and perplexed mathematicians for over 700 years, and nearly everyone who has worked with it has added a new piece to the Fibonacci puzzle, a new tidbit of information about the series and how it works. Fibonacci mathematics is a constantly expanding branch of number theory, with more and more people being Yellow flower with 8 petals, a Fibonacci rawn into the complex subtleties of Number. Fibonacci's legacy. The first two numbers in the series are one and one. To obtain each number of the series, you simply add the two numbers that came before it. In other words, each number of the series is the sum of the two numbers preceding it. Note: Historically, some mathematicians have considered zero to be a Fibonacci number, placing it befor e the first 1 in the series. It is known as the zeroth Fibonacci number, and has no real practical merit. We will not consider zero to be a Fibonacci number in our discussion of the series. http://library. thinkquest. rg/27890/mainIndex. html Series: (0,) 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55†¦ EXAMPLE IN NATURE Fibonacci Series–Activity 1 Using a piece of graph paper, draw a spiral using the Fibonacci series. Starting in the center of the page, draw a 1 X 1 square, next to it draw another 1 X 1 square, After, draw 2 X 2 squares touching the last two squares, Then continue to add on squares until the graph paper is filled. To finish the spiral draw arcs (quarter circles) in each square starting in the center and working outward. Do you notice any similarity to the spiral you have drawn and the image of the shell?Fibonacci Series–Activity 2 Take the Fibonacci sequence listed below and divide each pair of number and record the results in the table. 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89 combo results 1/1 2/1 3/2 5/3 8/5 13/8 21/13 34/21 55/34 89/55 What do you notice? This is called the golden ratio. (Phi is 1 ·61803398874†¦ ) This is another special number that appears in the world around us and (as you saw) is related to the Fibonacci series. Fibonacci Series–Activity 3 Each hand has how many digits? _______________ Each finger has how many bones? _______________ Each finger has how many joints between the just inger bones themselves? _______________ Each finger has how many finger nails? What pattern do you see? _______________ _______________________________ Now pick one finger Measure the length of each of the three segments; this is the easiest to do if the finger is bent. Longest _______________cm Medium _______________cm Shortest _______________cm Now divide the longest length by the medium length, what do you get? ________________ Now divide the medium length by the shortest length, what do you get this time? ___________ What i s the ratio? ____________________________________

The Ones Who Walk Away Analysis Essay Example

The Ones Who Walk Away Analysis Essay Example The Ones Who Walk Away Analysis Paper The Ones Who Walk Away Analysis Paper The Ones Who Walk Away From Meals by Lee Cuing When you exist in this life, how many times you ask yourself: if this happens, what should I do? . I bet it is countless. There are so many authors use the what ifs sentences in their articles, and the short story The Ones Who Walk Away From Meals by Lee Cuing is the one. If its rain this morning, I dont go to school. This is an example of what ifs sentence which usually presents the reasons for something happened. In the story The Ones Who Walk Away From Meals, Lee Cuing uses a series of what Ifs to presents the reasons for what happened in Meals. For example, she states: If the child were brought up Into the sunlight out of that vile place, If It were done, In that day and hour all, the prosperity and beauty and delight of Meals would wither and be destroyed. , and also If the child could be released, It would not get much good of its freedom: a little vague pleasure of warmth and food, no doubt, but little more. One other reason that makes The Ones Who Walk Away From Meals becomes unusual is the way Lee Cuing creates a very short what ifs sentence. For example, she states: If you cant lick me, join me. If it hurts, repeat it. , or If so, please add an orgy. If an orgy would help, dont hesitate. . This makes a very powerful impressed to the readers. When I read the first paragraph, it seems like Lee Cuing draws a beautiful picture in my mind: Meals, bright-towered by the sea. The rigging of the boats In harbor sparkled with flags. In the streets between houses with red roofs and painted walls, between old moss-grown gardens and under avenues of Reese, past great parks and public bulging . I can Imagine Meals look Like a village which Is full of (Lee 2) peace in a fairy tales, where princes and princesses came from. Ive never seen a picture like that in any essay. A normal essay usually is the form which authors use to show personal points of their view. But when I finish reading The Ones Who Walk Away From Meals, I dont see any Lee Guns opinions about why people decide to leave Meals. She only tells how the child is confined, how people believe in the story about the confining child, ND how people feel after they see the child, but they cant help. I have to find the reasons that make people leaving Meals myself, and not sure if others have the same thought with me. This is a little success of Lee Gull to make the reader think about her story again and again after closing the book. By the way telling the tragedy about a confining child In Meals, Lee Gull uses her Imagination to create a story contains a metaphor for why do people avoid responsibility and walk away without doing anything to help the suffering. She breaks all ten rules to write an essay. Real evidences, real examples, Ana real Images are required in a success essay, which gives a clear answer for every topic the authors want to talk about. Open by the Joyous and cheerful scene of the Summer Festival, and end with the image of people silently leave Meals. Two opposite pictures in one short story. Lee Cuing doesnt tell why people walk away from Meals, where they go, and what next. By the open-ending, the readers can draw their own conclusion, this is a big different from a normal essay.

Free sample - Summary of the Marketing Plan For Campus Tax Service, LLC. translation missing

Summary of the Marketing Plan For Campus Tax Service, LLC. Summary of the Marketing Plan For Campus Tax Service, LLCA  new company is going to be launched in January 01, 2011 named Campus Tax Service, LLC. The main objective of the company is to provide tax return preparation service to the college students. Our business service is operated at five campuses i.e. Levine, Central, Cato, Harper, and North Campus in Piedmont Community Colleges with the headquarter located in the City of Charlotte at the Piedmont Community Colleges Campuses in the state of North Carolina. The company’s will be formed with the ownership of Mr. Gary Bonaccorso with the total investment of $25000, where the owner will share $5000 and the rest $20000 will be collected from taking loan. The capital is used to purchase the computer equipments, furniture, software, promotional literature for all five locations and meet up the initial cost of starting the business. Each and every students need to prepare their tax return annually.   For assisting the students, the company came up with their services. The company possesses a strong confidence and determination to penetrate the industry by serving their primary target groups. The students at the five campuses are the target group. The company has further plan to serve the parents of the students and nearby residents. This venture could be very much profitable and the company will take long term plan to increase profitability and at the same time try to reduce the overall cost. Under the strict supervision of the owner and other management stuffs, The Company projects to increase 10% annual growth in sales. The company tries to make the service popular to the students because all students are indeed of making the tax return preparation services The company set its mission to become the market leader by implementing the strategy successfully. The management of the company performs the business activities with the aim of doing the right thing at the right time at the right place. The company aims to provide unique services and strive to ensure higher client satisfaction. Campus Tax Service, LLC offers $50 for preparing any tax return for students. Additional $17.50 need to be paid if the return exceeds 7 page formats. The price is very much reasonable and attractive in the industry. The company also offers attractive referral program for students. Each successful referral enable both the referral and referee students a discount of $5. The company considers total students as the target group for operation. So, taking the service to each and every client is the main theme of marketing the company’s service. Various types of promotional activities and measures i.e. flyers, bulletin board postings, ads in college publications, circulated coupons with discounts, word of mouth referrals will be taken to promote the company products. All the information can be found in company websites. The students’ enrollment demographics consist of Black Non-Hispanic, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, American /Indian /Alaskan Native, White Non-Hispanic and others with a total of 18,608 in numbers. Company has further plan to take the service to the households, faculties and other income group who also need to pay tax. The company will employ talented and qualified personnel in order to carry the day to day activities. The company provides extensive training facilities to its employees so that they can prepare the tax return service of the students properly, accurately and quickly. The employees of the company are so adept that they can present and provide service to the students any time. They are well trained and equipped with on site software for ease of tax return preparation. Those motivated work force will bring the targeted sales for the company The company will expand its business activities with taking newer strategies relevant to the vision and objectives. The control of expenses and increment of sales in the next few years will be the priority of the company. The company is committed to serve all the clients with the expertise of its efficient personnel, attractive packages and incentive programs and effective marketing campaigns.

IT security threats Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

IT security threats - Research Paper Example and controls and has less privileged access to users of the sensitive information systems (Silowash, Cappelli, Moore, Trzeciak, Shimeall and Flynn, 2012). The other threat to information technology is the threat of credit card fraud which leads to unauthorized use of a credit card (Turban and Volonino, 2011). Some of the potential solutions includes avoiding to give out the credit card but rather opt to enter the credit card number on a secure online order, avoiding to disclose credit card number and other details on websites that are not secure or on emails, avoiding to leave the credit cards and other receipts that contain the credit card details lying around or even writing of PIN number where it can be easily found (http://www.scambusters.org/CreditCardFraud.html). Other than the above two threats, Microsoft provides other threats like spoofing and tampering mainly conducted by cyber criminals and spies. In order to prevent or stop these threats, installing backups regularly, coming up with more tough and complicated configurations that will not be easily broken into and installing firewalls are some of the basic security precautions people and organizations should make (Springer, 2010). Silowash, G., Cappelli, D., Moore, A., Trzeciak, R., Shimeall, T. and Flynn, L. (2012). Common Sense Guide to Mitigating Insider Threats, 4th Edition (CMU/SEI-2012-TR-012). Retrieved January 24, 2013, from the Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University website:

Day vs. Night Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Day vs. Night - Essay Example In looking at these kinds of oppositions, it is sometimes helpful to discover the various ways in which the elements involved are similar in order to understand better about how they are actually different. When it comes to discussing ideas, we tend to try to lump things into a yes or no situation, black or white or day or night. When you look closer at the picture, though, there is often a lot more maybe, grey or dusk involved in the comparison. One opposition considered so opposite that they have nothing at all in common is the opposition of day and night. There are many ways in which day and night are similar. They are both required to make up a complete cycle of the earth for example. While the time period of one may be longer at one time of the year, it is generally shorter at another time so that the world is dark approximately half the time and light the other half the time. Both day and night are regulated in their duration by the rotation of the earth around the sun and are a natural part of the physical properties of the world. Life on earth has developed with a dependence upon these alternating cycles of light and darkness in order to survive. Some plants and animals depend upon the hours of sunlight to generate the energy they require to survive just as they require the hours of darkness as a time in which they are able to regenerate. However, different processes occur at night, making different plants and animals active during this period of time under the cover of darkness and rest during the daylight hours. Both day and n ight are bordered by periods of transition in which it is neither day nor night and they are both presided over by a heavenly body. Despite these similarities, though, it is true that there are at least as many differences between day and night as there are similarities. While day is presided over by the brilliant yellow light of the sun, the night is ruled by the reflected blue light of the moon. Although the